Which of the following statements about functions of the integumentary system is NOT true?
It detects stimuli related to temperature and pain.
It absorbs water and salts.
It helps regulate body temperature.
It participates in the synthesis of vitamin D.
It protects against bacterial invasion and dehydration.
Supporting cells in nervous tissue are called _____.
fibroblasts
neurons
mesenchymal cells
dendrites
neuroglia
Which word best describes the location of the lungs with reference to the liver?
Superior
Inferior
Distal
Medial
Anterior
Body structures known as _____ are composed of two or more different tissues and usually have recognizable shapes.
cells
organs
organ systems
systems
The human body is estimated to have nearly 100 _____ cells with _____ cell types.
million; about 25
billion; about 1000
trillion; about 200
million; about 1000
gazillion; more than I care to count
The periosteum is primarily made of _____ .
dense irregular connective tissue
an epithelial membrane
bone connective tissue
stratified squamous epithelium
hyaline cartilage
Which statement best describes connective tissue?
usually contains large amount of extracellular matrix
usually arranged in a single layer of cells
primarily concerned with secretion
cells usually very closely packed
avascular
Haversian canals contain _____.
high concentrations of calcium salts
the epiphyseal plate
blood vessels
articular cartilage
osteocytes
Which of the following tissues is voluntary and striated?
stratified squamous epithelium
simple squamous epithelium
cardiac muscle
dense irregular connective tissue
skeletal muscle
Centers of ossification contain predominantly _____.
chondroblasts
osteocytes
osteoblasts
osteogenic cells
mesenchymal cells
If you found this in a person, you'd know that they were over the age of 21.
epiphyseal lines
periosteum
compact bone
nutrient arteries
a blood alcohol over 0.08
The plasma membrane is described by the fluid-mosaic model. The fluidity is primarily due to _____ while the “mosaic” nature is primarily due to _____.
water; phospholipids
proteins; water
proteins; phospholipids
phospholipids;water
None of the previous
Which is located most caudally?
abdominal cavity
mediastinum
cranial cavity
pelvic cavity
pleural cavity
A major change in bone with aging that leads to increased brittleness is _____.
increased osteoblast activity
increased bone remodeling
demineralization
increased calcification
none of the previous
Which tissue forms the major thickness of the walls of hollow organs?
nervous tissue
areolar connective
smooth muscle
skeletal muscle
stratified squamous epithelium
From diaphysis to epiphysis, the cartilage zones of the epiphyseal plate are _____.
reserve, hypertrophic, proliferating, calcified
calcified, hypertrophic, proliferating, reserve
proliferating, hypertrophic, reserve, calcified
reserve, calcified, hypertrophic, proliferating
The smallest component of the cytoskeleton are/is the _______.
peripheral proteins
integral proteins
intermediate filaments
microfilaments
microtubules
Chondroblasts are involved in _____ ossification and, in a teenager, in _____ growth.
intramembranous; interstitial
intramembranous: appositional
endochondral; interstitial
endochondral; appositional
Liver disease typically results in yellowish skin that is described as _____.
pallor
cyanotic
erythematic
jaundiced
melanotic
Which of the following correctly sequences these events of endochondral ossification? 1. osteoblasts move in and deposit bone in the diaphysis 2. chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage model enlarge, calcify, and die 3. epiphyseal arteries penetrate the epiphysis, and ossification begins there 4. capillaries from the penetrating nutrient artery grow into disintegrating lacunae 5. spongy bone in the diaphysis is resorbed, creating a marrow cavity
2, 1, 5, 4, 3
1, 5, 4, 2, 3
3, 4, 5, 1, 2
2, 4, 1, 5, 3
4, 2, 1, 3, 5
The epidermis and dermis form ____.
the skin
a cutaneous membrane
an epithelial membrane
a & b
a, b & c
Which of the following abdominal regions are wholly or partly in the RUQ?
umbilical
epigastric
hypogastric
a & b
a & c
Which of the following features are found in both compact and spongy bone?
concentric lamellae
interstitial lamellae
lacunae
a & b
b & c
The extracellular fluid found in the microscopic spaces between closely-packed epithelial cells is called _____.
intracellular fluid
interstitial fluid
cytosol
lymph
a or c
Which of the following is lateral and caudal to the hypogastric region?
epigastric
iliac
lumbar
hypochondriac
none of these
Epithelia that consist of more than one layer of cells are termed _____.
striated
stratified
simple
squamous
a & d
The connective tissue layer of a mucous membrane is called the _____.
ground substance
matrix
plasma membrane
epithelial membrane
none of the previous
Which of the following are sudoriferous glands?
eccrine
apocrine
sebaceous
a & b
a, b & c
Blood is externally supplied to the perforating (Volkmann’s) canals from the _____ arteries.
nutrient
periosteal
epiphyseal
metaphyseal
diaphyseal
Which of the following is NOT true about thick skin compared to thin skin?
Thick skin has a thicker dermis.
Thick skin has fewer hair follicles.
Thick skin has fewer sebaceous glands.
Thick skin has more sensory receptors.
Thick skin has more epidermal layers.
Ribosomes are assembled in and by the _____.
nucleolus
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi complex
lysosome
peroxisome
In adult areolar connective tissue, the cell primarily responsible for producing collagen and elastin is the _____.
mesenchymal cell
fibroblast
osteoblast
osteocyte
chondrocyte
The small cavities in which some connective cells reside are termed _____.
central canals
lacunae
lamellae
lumens
perforating canals
Jessica is examining a slide in lab and notices intercalated discs and striations. She immediately knows that she is viewing _______.
stratified squamous epithelium
simple squamous epithelium
cardiac muscle
skeletal muscle
loose connective tissue
Numerous short motile projections of the plasma membrane are called _____.
cilia
flagella
microtubules
microfilaments
nucleoli
Which use of the word “fiber” refers to a variety of extracellular protein threads?
keratin fibers
muscle fibers
nerve fibers
connective tissue fibers
microtubules & microfilaments
The matrix of connective tissue is composed of _____.